Sahabe`nin Kur`an okuma anlayışı
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- Tez No: 37327
- Danışmanlar: DOÇ. DR. MEVLÜT GÜNGÖR
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Din, Religion
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Sahabe, İslamiyet, Sahabe, Islam
- Yıl: 1994
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Ankara Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Temel İslam Bilimleri Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
129 SUMMARY“Sahabî”, are defined as those who witnessed Muhammed(may peace be upon him), had creeded in him and who were the late in that state. Some of their peculiarities were that; avoiding telling lies in the name of İslam, aiding Allah and his massenger till the end of their lives, loving one another because of the fraternity, giving a dignified manner to non-believers, devoping in worshipping and sincerity.“Sahabe”aren't equal according to their degrees of virtues. These virtues are catagorized for their enterance into Islam, Hijrah and the battles they had been. In addition to eulogizing them The Quran and Sunnah sometimes criticises“Sahabe”for their errors or sins that they were committing during the Ignorance Period(Cahiliye)“ to train them. Generally the period before İslam was descended is called ”Ignorance Period“. İn this period the society was corrupted with all its estaslishment and they were waiting for a saviour. In 610 when the prophet started in invitation, The Quran was his greatest miracle which proved his prophethood. A group of the non-believers in Macca who were invited in İslam didin't accept and reacted to the Quran which they couldn't bring out such a book. An other group of them listened to the Quran and decided that it is a divine word and became Müslim. These were ”Sahabe“. ”Sahabe“ had a great attachment to the Quran which was the biggest factor for them entering in İslam and they were in the persevering to apply it wholy in their lives. This effort is related to the close relation with the apocalypse. This apocalypse which were continuouly being descended in the morning, in the evening, in peace and in war, sholdered a great role to control Sahabes' behaviour and to make their faint stronger. They sometimes cried for being effected by divine meaning and pertaining to the unknown of the inspried versus. And sometimes they were enchanted by the attraction of the versus. Sahabe did the most important duty by bearing the Holy Quran to us. And they also spent a great effort to teach and educate people. In this subject, The Holy Prophet's direct and indirect encourages for the education of The Quran was very effective. As a result of these encourages, Companions (man-woman) read The Quran, memorized and applied it in their lives as the versus descended from the beginning of the İslam. Sahabes' Quran knowledge was not at the same level. Some factors such as the date of entering in İslam, mentality degree and age were effective to grade this. Some of the companians were trained in learning The Quran by hard, some others possessed to be the teacher of Quran and some others privileged in understanding and construeing The Quran. Some Sahabes such as Abdullah b. Mesud, Ebu Musa El-130 Eşari, Ubey b. Kab had distinguished place among the other Sahabe by training and memorizing The Quran. Sahabes1 education of the Quran generally took place in Quran scholls which are called in different names as ”Mescid“, ”Suffa“ and ”Daru'I-Kurra". Although the primary education of The Quran did not have sistematic curriculum. In the Caliphs time, it was arranged and had a better organization than the past. Sahabe followed two method to read The Quran. The first was the recitation of the Quran from beginning to end by dividing it into parts. And the other is that The Quran was recited daily. The first one showed differences according to Sahabes' reading time, profession, duty and special life. Once, Sahabe were reading The Quran from beginning to end in one, three, five or seven days. But after The Holy Massenger made stipulation minimum three days and indulged seven days, Sahabe started to read it in seven days mostly. Daily recitation method is the reading of the certain surahs in certain places in certain times. For instance, before going to bed, Waqia, Mulk and Yasin Surahs, after the night pray they used to read the last two versus of The Baqara Surrah. And after the morning pray, the last three versus from The Hashr Surah used to be read. They had three main purposes in reading The Quran. These were; reading, understanding and applying it in their lives. They had no application of The Quran to the dead. The realms of reading The Quran by Sahabe can be summarized like that; reading it in prays, to the patients, in bottles and in depression state.
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