İznik-Mekece arasının jeomorfolojisi
The Geomorphology of the land between İznik-Mekece
- Tez No: 92433
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. BARIŞ MATER
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Coğrafya, Geography
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Jeomorfoloji, Marmara bölgesi, Sakarya-Mekece, İznik Gölü, Geomorphology, Marmara region, Sakarya-Mekece, İznik Lake
- Yıl: 1999
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Coğrafya Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Fiziki Coğrafya Bilim Dalı
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY The working field begins from the Eastern parr of İznik Lake which is in the Southeast of Marmara Region in Northwest Turkey, and stretches to Mekece. The field is a part of the Northern Anatolia fault line which is active since Miocene. Gemlik Gulf-İznik Depression-Karadin Trough- Pamuk Ovası depression series from West to East is a graben field developped due to the fault. The working field was examined under three main geomorphologic units, namely higher parts, high and low plateaus, and plains and flat floors. River system was established in Pliocene and was changed in Pleistocene in accordance with the changing climatic corditions and floor. There are mature valleys with flat bases as well as young valleys in the field. The biggest river is Sakarya. This river was embedded in hard rocks, probably in Pliocene, creating an epigenic split valley connecting two flat fields. At the Pliocene and Early Pleistocene, river and lake terraces, inclosed meandres, strait valleys and river captures occurred due to regional elevations. And again, probably at end Pliocene, İznik Depression and Karadin Trough collapsed as graben field in area which was broken in transverse (or diagonally) under the influence of iznik- Mekece Fault. The depression filled with water during cool and rainy periods of Pleistocene has become İznik Lake. Later on the lake receded from 145 metres of depth to 168approximately 85 metres due to changes in the climate. Around the lake there are three terraces which are the results of this recession. The most widespread group of form in the field made of erosion surfaces. These erosion surfaces have been aged as Lower-Medium Miocene surfaces, Upper Miocene surfaces and Pliocene surfaces. These surfaces are very important in terms of settlement and agriculture because of low inclination. In our working field, old and new forms like erosion surfaces, valleys with flat bases, young valleys, terraces, flood fissures and accumulated cones and fan folds are found in co-existence. With these characteristics, our field can be said to be in its late youth phase of development. 169
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