Management of socio-cultural differences in islamic civilisation: theexperiences of The Ottoman Sultanate(1839-1865) and Malaysia (1957-1976)
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 755127
- Danışmanlar: Belirtilmemiş.
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Tarih, History
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2019
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Internatıonal Islamıc Unıversıty Malaysıa
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
دى التقدم التقاين يف جمايل النقل واالتصاالت إىل إزالة احلواجز التقليدية متمثلة يف املسافات البعيدة، مما أدى إىل ا فرض منوذج الدولة الغربية ً سرعة يف انكشاف الثقافات وتداخلها بعضها يف بعض، وقد حاول الغرب االستعماري قدمي على الدول اليت استعمرها، وال سيما الدول اإلسالمية، فكانت خطته توحيد اجلنسية واللغة ألبناء الدولة الواحدة، وهو بت البنية َّ ما مل يتحقق؛ إذ يصعب اليوم إجياد دولة ليست خمتلطة األداين واألعراق، يف حني أن احلضارة اإلسالمية جر ًّا، ومنذ البداي االجتماعية املختلطة ديني ة كانت كذلك الدولة اليت أنشأها النيب صلى هللا عليه وسلم يف املدينة ًّا وعرقي املنورة، وقد أسست للتعايش الالحق يف الدول األموية والعباسية واألندلسية مبا فيها من عناصر دينية وعرقية خمتلفة، فكان املسلمون، واليهود، والنصارى - بطوائفهم - و العرب، و الروم، و الفرس، والرتك، و اهلنود، والصني، و الرببر؛ حييون ا إىل جنب، ومل خترج عن هذه احلال ً اليت كانت يف عصرها الذهيب أكرب دولة متقدمة يف العامل من العثمانية جنب الدولة حيث إدارهتا الفروقات االجتماعية والثقافية وفق“النظام امللّي”الذي طَّورته، و كذلك اليوم مملكة ماليزاي اليت يتألف العصور، وألزمت ماليزاي منذ ِّ ّ مواطنوها من خليط ديين وعرقي إثر اهلجرات اليت انطلقت إليها على مر استقالهلا عام 1957 دير جمتمعها املختلط، ومن مث؛ لتضع سياسات ت هتدف هذه الدراسة إىل اختبار السياسات اليت طورهتا الدولتان العثمانية وماليزاي إلدارة الفروقات االجتماعية والثقافية بني املواطنني فيهما.
Özet (Çeviri)
With the advancement of transport and communication technology in the modern world, traditional distances and barriers have been virtually eliminated. In other words, the distance is no longer a major obstacle to transport and communication. As a result, different civilizations and cultures are increasingly intertwined. The European nation state model, which was extrapolated across the world in colonial and postcolonial governance, was premised on homogeneous national societies with unifying ethnic and linguistic features, but nowadays it is difficult to find a homogeneous society with a single civilization in the world; each society is composed of people of different civilizations. The fact that societies comprising different cultures and civilizations revealed the phenomenon of how these differences can be managed together. The Islamic civilization experienced an ethnically complex community structure much earlier than European states and modern civilization. The first Islamic state established by the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم (in Medina consisted of individuals who had different ethnicities in terms of race, language, culture, and religion. Likewise, the states of the Umayyads, Abbasids and Al-Andulus had a community structure consisting of individuals with cosmopolitan social and cultural backgrounds, with notable coexistence between Arabs, Romans, Persians, Berbers, Jews, Vandals, Indians, Turks, Chinese, and others wherever these states encountered others. More recently, the Ottoman Sultanate developed the“Millet System”policy. The Ottoman Sultanate can be defined as the most developed state of its period in the management of social and cultural differences with this policy developed for the management of social and cultural differences in both the classical period and the modern (post-Tanzimat) period, which responded to the needs of the era at a certain level. In the same way, the population of Malaysia is composed of different individuals due to the migrations taken from the abroad during certain periods of history. With the independence of Malaysia in 1957, the policies developed for the management of the differences in the society became an important issue. The aim of this study is to examine the policies developed by the two states (the Ottoman Sultanate and Malaysia) in different periods and in different geographies to understand social and cultural differences and their management from an historical perspective.
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