Reconsidering the rhetoric of ottoman gaza and the discourseof european antemurale in the late fifteenth century:Legitimacy, myths, and Imperial ideologies
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- Tez No: 711907
- Danışmanlar: PROF. MATTHİAS RİEDL, PROF. ROBYN DORA RADWAY
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Tarih, Felsefe, Sosyoloji, History, Philosophy, Sociology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 2021
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: Central European Unıversıty
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
This thesis explores the Ottoman rhetoric of gaza in the late fifteenth century and recontextualize it with the Christian European use of the antemurale christianitatis rhetoric by considering the apocalypticism's implications for adoption of such discourses. This thesis primarily focuses on the reign of Beyezid II (r. 1481-1512) and other contemporary sovereign figures of the age since it argues that the late fifteenth century political climate and apocalypticism pushed these figures to develop adjusted imperial ideologies. It considers the Ottoman capture of Constantinople and subsequent Ottoman expansionism in Europe as the causative factors behind the reinvigoration of the antemurale christianitatis discourse. It also suggests that the events of 1453 triggered the Christian apocalypticism since the fall of Nova Roma and annihilation of the Eastern Roman Empire disturbed both the Latin Church and Orthodox communities in Eastern Europe. Simultaneously, it argues that the rhetoric of Ottoman gaza gained additional dimensions owing to the political actions taken by Bayezid II – as well as his predecessor Mehmed II's political designations- and challenging internal and external threats targeted his throne. This thesis adopts a mixture of the comparative historical methodology and connected histories in an attempt to show that the Ottoman use of the gaza discourse and European understanding of the bulwark metaphor cannot be fully understood independently. Besides, this thesis reveals that both Bayezid II and his Christian adversaries in Europe such as Charles VIII of France or Ştefan cel Mare utilized the same pool of the religious myths and semi-historical legends. For instance, Alexander the Great legend that the Ottoman sultans were smitten with including Bayezid II and the apocalyptic nation of Magog that the Christian demagogues employed in their anti-Turkish writings illustrate why this iv methodological approach is adopted. Alexander the Great legend provided the Ottoman sultans with a generally acknowledged universal ruler sample that they were eager to follow, while the evil nations of Gog and Magog that they were associated with by the Christian demagogues enabled Christian political establishments to draw a civilizational line between Christian Europe and infidel Ottomans. To sum up, this thesis argues that the late fifteenth century Europe witnessed the eschatological transformation of the holy war discourses and the process itself provides historians with a perfect example of the interconnectedness that existed between Christian Europe and the Ottoman Empire.
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