Pressure drops along the bores of hollow fibre membranes: Their measurement, prediction and effect on fibre bundle performance
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 400569
- Danışmanlar: DR. W. T. HANBURY
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Makine Mühendisliği, Mechanical Engineering
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Belirtilmemiş.
- Yıl: 1985
- Dil: İngilizce
- Üniversite: The Unıversıty Of Glasgow
- Enstitü: Yurtdışı Enstitü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Makine Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
Özet yok.
Özet (Çeviri)
This thesis investigates the pressure drops along the bores of B-9 and B-10 hollow fibre membranes, their measurements, prediction and effect on fibre bundle performance. The theory of osmosis and reverse osmosis, the transport models, membrane configurations and productions were reviewed. Laminar flow in circular impermeable and porous pipes and the flow through a bundle of hollow fibres were also reviewed for the better understanding of the theoretical analysis. A theoretical model of the fibre behaviour is studied and analysed'. An analytical solution is obtained for the case of a fibre in a uniform crossflow of brine of uniform concentration and uniform pressure. A numerical procedure, making use of this analytical solution, is developed to solve the more general problem of detailed bundle behaviour. The experimental data are analysed using a computer program based on the numerical procedure presented in Chapter 5. Experiments were carried out on small B-9 and B-10 hollow fibre membranes. The performances of the fibre bundles, including the.measurements of the closed end bore pressures were investigated for two feeds, pure water and sodiun chloride solution, under various ranges of operating conditions. From the resulting membrane performances, in both modules, it was seen that: 1. The water permeability constant, k^ increased with increasing temperature. The k- was pratically independent of applied pressure at feed temperature of 20°C and 25°C However, the k.. tended to decrease with increasing pressure at 30°C. 2. The salt permeability constant, k2, increased with increasing temperature and pressure in the experiments with B-9 module. The salt permeability constant, k? of the B-10 modules was found to be highly dependent upon the PT-B post-treatment history. A computer program (FD), assuming a fixed fibre geometery was used to determine the values of- k-, k~ and the closed end fibre bore pressure. However, these theoretically precited values of fibre bore pressures were found to be significantly lower than the experimentally measured values of fibre bore pressures. A second program (VID) used the overall bundle performances togeth-er with the measured values of bore pressures to predict the effective bore diameters, Dia, and modified membrane constants ^1pff an<* ^2eff * ^s a re3Ult °^ these calculations, the effective bore diameters were found to be smaller than the nominal bore diameters. This suggests that the hollow fibres are compressed, by as much as 25%, under the effect of external pressure. Furthermore, the constriction of fibre bore diameters increased with increasing temperature. The experiments with B-10 modules indicated that the compaction of the fibres may also be non-linear and limited, and the apparent fibre bore shrinkage decreases radially outward through the bundle. As a result, the modified values of k- ?~ were found to be higher than the values neglecting the fibre bore shrinkage effect. The salt permeability constant appears to be independent of allowance for bore shrinkage. The analysis of the whole bundle behaviour, allowing for the fibre bore shrinkage, showed that the axial distribution of brine concentration .varies significantly due to the variation of the net driving pressure along the fibre. The fibres towards the open end tube plate are exposed to the highest net driving pressure and hence, increase in productivity and local brine concentration which may lead to a polarisation type effect. New modified water and salt permeability constants, k.,. and kn. were determined assuming the fibre outside diameter shrank by the same amount as the internal diameter. The new modified values of k^ and k^ were found to be higher than the values of k- ff and kp. This is obviously due to the resulting reduction in the membrane surface area used in the calculations with the same bundle performance.
Benzer Tezler
- Gemilerde artık ısı sistemlerinin optimum işletilmesi
Optimum operation of waste heat recovery systems
ERDAL GÜLLÜ
Yüksek Lisans
Türkçe
1998
Gemi Mühendisliğiİstanbul Teknik ÜniversitesiGemi İnşaatı ve Gemi Makineleri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. OSMAN KAMİL SAĞ
- Arazi deneyleri ile geoteknik tasarım
The Geotechnic design with in situ tests
HASAN BOZKURT NAZİLLİ
Yüksek Lisans
Türkçe
1997
İnşaat Mühendisliğiİstanbul Teknik ÜniversitesiGeoteknik Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. AHMET SAĞLAMER
- Kişiye özel diz protezinin olasılığa dayalı analiz yardımıyla tasarımı ve deneysel olarak doğrulanması
Designing patient specific knee prosthesis using probabilistic analysis and its verification with experiments
İSMAİL HAKKI KORKMAZ
Doktora
Türkçe
2016
Makine MühendisliğiAtatürk ÜniversitesiMakine Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. İRFAN KAYMAZ
PROF. DR. ÖMER SELİM YILDIRIM
- Design and the application of a capillary rheometer to the determination of the flow characteristics of HDPE
HDPE'nin akış karakteristiklerinin belirlenmesi için bir kapiler reometre tasarımı ve uygulanması
İSMİNUR GÖKGÖZ
Yüksek Lisans
İngilizce
2008
Polimer Bilim ve Teknolojisiİstanbul Teknik ÜniversitesiPolimer Bilim ve Teknolojisi Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. FATMA SENİHA GÜNER
- Radyal pompaların kavitasyon performansının hesaplanması ve iyileştirilmesi
Computation and improvement of the cavitation performance of radial flow pumps
MEHMET KAYA
Doktora
Türkçe
2020
Makine Mühendisliğiİstanbul Teknik ÜniversitesiMakine Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı
PROF. DR. ERKAN AYDER