Zeytinyağı üretimi atıksularında yapılan bazı incelemeler
Some investigations about olive oil mill wastwater
- Tez No: 69765
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. LALE ERSOY
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Eczacılık ve Farmakoloji, Pharmacy and Pharmacology
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Atıklar, Bitkisel yağlar, Su kirliliği, Wastes, Plant oils, Water pollution
- Yıl: 1998
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Analitik Kimya Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
SUMMARY In this study, some investigations were carried out on samples of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) obtained from different factories. At first, the samples were analysed in terms of the total, fixed and volatile solids, total suspended and volatile suspended solids, tannin- lignin, volatile phenol, organic nitrogen, reducing sugar, phosphorus and oil and grease by using Standard Methods for the characterization. Phenolic compounds which are responsible for the antimicrobial and phytotoxic effects of OMW were also analysed by HPLC. For this purpose the butanol extracts of acidified samples were chromatographed on CI 8 column.Elution was performed by using waterracetic acid:methanol (68:2:30) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL/min. Peaks were detected at 280 nm by UV-vısıble detector. It was determined that the extracts contain catechin, tyrosol and p-coumaric, syringic, vanillic, ferulic and veratric acid. In order to determine the effect of the lime treatment process which is planned to reduce the pollution effect of the OMW, some analyses were carried out on the liquid and solid parts of lime treated samples. When the filtrate was examined by HPLC it was observed that, according to the58 structures of phenolic substances, the lime removed some or all of them or did not effect. The standard analyses mentioned above were also carried out on the filtrate. It has been determined that pH value of sample increased from 4.1 to 12 and 65% of TS, 75% of VS, 65% of polyphenols, 28% of volatile phenol, 75% of carbohydrates, 95% of oil and 85% of nitrogenius compounds in OMW were removed, when lime is added at 15 g/L concentration. The polyphenol, volatile phenol, reducing sugar and nitrogenius compounds amounts of the solid part of the lime treated material were also determined to control the results of the filtrate analyses. The amounts of these substances obtained from the filtrate and solid parts were in accordance with the raw material. In this study, it was investigated if the convertion of the residue of OMW to active carbon is possible. For this purpose after evaporation of the samples the residue was pirolized at 550 °C and washed with diluted acid solution. Iodine and phenol absorbtion capacities of the carbonized materials were compared with that of commercial active carbon. The results of the carbon obtained from evaporated sample were similar or even better than that or the commercial carbon. As a result, it was determined that the lime treatment process of OMW is convenient to decrease its pollution effect and the amount of the lime that increases the pH of the waste to about 12 is enough for these purpose. On the other hand hopefull results were obtained from the active carbon production studies of the OMW residues, as its reusing possibility.
Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMARY In this study, some investigations were carried out on samples of olive oil mill wastewater (OMW) obtained from different factories. At first, the samples were analysed in terms of the total, fixed and volatile solids, total suspended and volatile suspended solids, tannin- lignin, volatile phenol, organic nitrogen, reducing sugar, phosphorus and oil and grease by using Standard Methods for the characterization. Phenolic compounds which are responsible for the antimicrobial and phytotoxic effects of OMW were also analysed by HPLC. For this purpose the butanol extracts of acidified samples were chromatographed on CI 8 column.Elution was performed by using waterracetic acid:methanol (68:2:30) as a mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL/min. Peaks were detected at 280 nm by UV-vısıble detector. It was determined that the extracts contain catechin, tyrosol and p-coumaric, syringic, vanillic, ferulic and veratric acid. In order to determine the effect of the lime treatment process which is planned to reduce the pollution effect of the OMW, some analyses were carried out on the liquid and solid parts of lime treated samples. When the filtrate was examined by HPLC it was observed that, according to the58 structures of phenolic substances, the lime removed some or all of them or did not effect. The standard analyses mentioned above were also carried out on the filtrate. It has been determined that pH value of sample increased from 4.1 to 12 and 65% of TS, 75% of VS, 65% of polyphenols, 28% of volatile phenol, 75% of carbohydrates, 95% of oil and 85% of nitrogenius compounds in OMW were removed, when lime is added at 15 g/L concentration. The polyphenol, volatile phenol, reducing sugar and nitrogenius compounds amounts of the solid part of the lime treated material were also determined to control the results of the filtrate analyses. The amounts of these substances obtained from the filtrate and solid parts were in accordance with the raw material. In this study, it was investigated if the convertion of the residue of OMW to active carbon is possible. For this purpose after evaporation of the samples the residue was pirolized at 550 °C and washed with diluted acid solution. Iodine and phenol absorbtion capacities of the carbonized materials were compared with that of commercial active carbon. The results of the carbon obtained from evaporated sample were similar or even better than that or the commercial carbon. As a result, it was determined that the lime treatment process of OMW is convenient to decrease its pollution effect and the amount of the lime that increases the pH of the waste to about 12 is enough for these purpose. On the other hand hopefull results were obtained from the active carbon production studies of the OMW residues, as its reusing possibility.
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