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Sayısal sürücülerde iletişim

Communication of digital drives

  1. Tez No: 46524
  2. Yazar: FERİDUN BOZKURT
  3. Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. TAMER KUTMAN
  4. Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
  5. Konular: Elektrik ve Elektronik Mühendisliği, Electrical and Electronics Engineering
  6. Anahtar Kelimeler: Mikroişlemciler, Sayısal sürücüler, İletişim, Microprocessors, Digital drivers, Communication
  7. Yıl: 1995
  8. Dil: Türkçe
  9. Üniversite: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi
  10. Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
  11. Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  12. Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
  13. Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.

Özet

Özet yok.

Özet (Çeviri)

In this thesis, communication structures are grouped, general specification of today's drives is defined by giving examples of communication. The general requirements of the communication system are high data transfer rate, reliability and bus length. The RS232 serial interface standard was drafted in the 1960s by the Electronic Industries Association. It was designed to create a hardware independent environment between terminals, modems and computers. In 20 years the inception of RS232 computer hardware has evolved at an exponential rate, but the original standard has chan ged very little. The RS485 link gives the most satisfactory servi ce. It is designed so that the receivers respond only to 'differen tial' signals, that is, the signal voltage outputs are potential differences between two conductors, and ignore the * common mode' noise between the communication lines and zero volts. As a result RS485 has a much more reliable performance. The structure of a message from a 'host' to a drive is stan dardized. This is called as 'Protocol'. For the message verifica tion, it can be used either parity bit or a routine called 'Block Checksum' BCC. This routine is performed at the conclusion of a message by the communication software program. A procedure called 'binary exclusive-OR' is performed on the binary values of all the ASCII characters that make up the message. The sum itself is a seven-figure binary number, and it accepts the message as. valid and goes on to do whatever is commanded. If they differ, it signals that the message is rejected. Typically, there will be a certain few words, which must be updated at a fast, guarantied rate, without random delays. These might be the set speed of a drive, and one or two commands such as 'stop', 'reverse', and data to be sent back to the controller speed, status, or other. This is a cyclic data. But there will also be much other, 'non-cyclic' data required only occa sionally, as for example when tuning, reconfiguring, and so on, none of which is critical as to time. Practical communications for comp lex process systems need to offer services for access to both kinds of data on appropriate time scales. According to the quality of connections, it is possible to pass the data up to 2 Mbaud, through standard twisted-pair shielded XI(screened) cable. A speed of 500 kbaud can meet the requirements of all but nigh performance servo systems. Coaxial cable can achieve 20 Mbaud or more and fibre optic cables are limited only by the cap ability of available transducers, but are expensive. Most media of fer a physical range up to 500m, though optical fibre cable for this range would have to use the more expensive glass fibres. Relevant bus systems for drive systems has the basic specification as follows : SERCOS : This was designed specifically for servo systems and has a very fast update rate. The links are low cost, high loss plastic optical fibres, limiting the range to a nominal 20m per link. The data rate is 4 Mbaud, and the broadcast-mode operation is very eff icient. Typical data cycle times are 1ms or less. PROFIBUS : PROFIBUS offers low cost interfaces without specialized hard ware, using RS485 twisted-pair medium and 375 kbaud. Standard impl ementations do not offer broadcast-based cyclic data service and are rather slow, but a new development has a broadcast mode and runs at 1.5 Mbaud, but with a more complex interface. PROFIBUS is well supported in industry, particularly in Germany. INTERBUS-S : The original INTERBUS-S was intended purely for cyclic data and makes very efficient use of RS485 and a twisted-pair medium run ning 500 kbaud in simple broadcast mode. Non-cyclic data can occupy spare ^windows' in broadcast INTERBUS-S requires a master node to control all the activity and manipulate all data, so the system does not led itself to distributed control. A powerful central control ler is essential, although in many installations such a controller is needed in any case. xuIn this thesis, communication structures are grouped, general specification of today's drives is defined by giving examples of communication. The general requirements of the communication system are high data transfer rate, reliability and bus length. The RS232 serial interface standard was drafted in the 1960s by the Electronic Industries Association. It was designed to create a hardware independent environment between terminals, modems and computers. In 20 years the inception of RS232 computer hardware has evolved at an exponential rate, but the original standard has chan ged very little. The RS485 link gives the most satisfactory servi ce. It is designed so that the receivers respond only to 'differen tial' signals, that is, the signal voltage outputs are potential differences between two conductors, and ignore the * common mode' noise between the communication lines and zero volts. As a result RS485 has a much more reliable performance. The structure of a message from a 'host' to a drive is stan dardized. This is called as 'Protocol'. For the message verifica tion, it can be used either parity bit or a routine called 'Block Checksum' BCC. This routine is performed at the conclusion of a message by the communication software program. A procedure called 'binary exclusive-OR' is performed on the binary values of all the ASCII characters that make up the message. The sum itself is a seven-figure binary number, and it accepts the message as. valid and goes on to do whatever is commanded. If they differ, it signals that the message is rejected. Typically, there will be a certain few words, which must be updated at a fast, guarantied rate, without random delays. These might be the set speed of a drive, and one or two commands such as 'stop', 'reverse', and data to be sent back to the controller speed, status, or other. This is a cyclic data. But there will also be much other, 'non-cyclic' data required only occa sionally, as for example when tuning, reconfiguring, and so on, none of which is critical as to time. Practical communications for comp lex process systems need to offer services for access to both kinds of data on appropriate time scales. According to the quality of connections, it is possible to pass the data up to 2 Mbaud, through standard twisted-pair shielded XI(screened) cable. A speed of 500 kbaud can meet the requirements of all but nigh performance servo systems. Coaxial cable can achieve 20 Mbaud or more and fibre optic cables are limited only by the cap ability of available transducers, but are expensive. Most media of fer a physical range up to 500m, though optical fibre cable for this range would have to use the more expensive glass fibres. Relevant bus systems for drive systems has the basic specification as follows : SERCOS : This was designed specifically for servo systems and has a very fast update rate. The links are low cost, high loss plastic optical fibres, limiting the range to a nominal 20m per link. The data rate is 4 Mbaud, and the broadcast-mode operation is very eff icient. Typical data cycle times are 1ms or less. PROFIBUS : PROFIBUS offers low cost interfaces without specialized hard ware, using RS485 twisted-pair medium and 375 kbaud. Standard impl ementations do not offer broadcast-based cyclic data service and are rather slow, but a new development has a broadcast mode and runs at 1.5 Mbaud, but with a more complex interface. PROFIBUS is well supported in industry, particularly in Germany. INTERBUS-S : The original INTERBUS-S was intended purely for cyclic data and makes very efficient use of RS485 and a twisted-pair medium run ning 500 kbaud in simple broadcast mode. Non-cyclic data can occupy spare ^windows' in broadcast INTERBUS-S requires a master node to control all the activity and manipulate all data, so the system does not led itself to distributed control. A powerful central control ler is essential, although in many installations such a controller is needed in any case. xu

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