Tuzlu suların sulamada kullanımı: Değişimli su uygulama modelleri
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 25320
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. OSMAN TEKİNEL
- Tez Türü: Yüksek Lisans
- Konular: Ziraat, Agriculture
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Sulama, Toprak, Tuzlu su, Irrigation, Soil, Saline water
- Yıl: 1992
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Çukurova Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
82 SUMMARY This research was conducted to test one of the multi-source irrigation water management technique namely; alternation technique, trying to find out the most suitable proportion of waters and alternation timing, in comparison with leachings conducted at the different growing stage of corn. Experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Mediterranean Agronomic Institute, Bari, Italy, using PVC plastic pipes with the height of 70 cm in which corn was growth. In the work, four different quality of irrigation water including control of fresh water (0.9; 3; 6 and 9 dS/m) were used. The conclusions drawn from this workwere given as follows: 1-) Corn is a moderately salt sensitive plant and it can tolerate to irrigation water salinity (SAR= 6.36) up to 3 dS/m, waters with higher salinities are not advisable to use in corn irrigation unless a proper soil water and plant management technique is established. 2-) Experimental results showed that also alternation technique has its modes, according to the results, it was clear that with the salinity level exceeding 6 dS/m more frequent alternation seemed to be more efficient, whereas with lower salinities less frequency was favourable. 3-) The data regarding leaching treatments showed that leaching once at any growing stage was not enough, and should be performed at both stages for both a better crop yield and relatively salt-free root zone. It is suggested that leaching must be practiced in accordance to the tolerance degree of plant growing stage with a proper leaching fraction. 4-) From the agronomic point of view, the tasselling stage seemed to be the most sensitive to salinity. At this stage, increasing availability of water for plant, reducting the salt strees either by changing irrigation water83 from saline water to fresh one or by leaching the accumulated salts from the root zone, led to a better crop yield under all studied treatments as compared with permanent saline irrigation treatment. 5-) Under alternation treatments, data showed that water used by the growing plant was not only a function of salt concentration level of irrigation water, but also of the proportion of fresh water substituting for low quality one. 6-) Concerning the salt accumulation and its distribution through the different soil depths under different alternation applications of water of different qualities, the data indicated that, the salt accumulation was a function of both salt concentration level in irrigation water and the proportion of good quality water, whereas its distribution was greatly dependent on application modes by which the water resources were alternated. 7-) Soil analysis data clearly, showed that the alternation technique was a potential not only for producing relatively good crop yield, but also for keeping soil at a good productivity level. In the light of the results of the experiment, among all the alternation treatments one to be recommended as far as grain yield is concerned, is the treatment where saline water was used from seedling esablisment to the apperence of tassells. In this treatment about 35% fresh water of total applied volume is saved out. This saving is relatively lower than the others, but considerable improvement in crop yield is achieved even with respect to the control of fresh water.
Özet (Çeviri)
82 SUMMARY This research was conducted to test one of the multi-source irrigation water management technique namely; alternation technique, trying to find out the most suitable proportion of waters and alternation timing, in comparison with leachings conducted at the different growing stage of corn. Experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Mediterranean Agronomic Institute, Bari, Italy, using PVC plastic pipes with the height of 70 cm in which corn was growth. In the work, four different quality of irrigation water including control of fresh water (0.9; 3; 6 and 9 dS/m) were used. The conclusions drawn from this workwere given as follows: 1-) Corn is a moderately salt sensitive plant and it can tolerate to irrigation water salinity (SAR= 6.36) up to 3 dS/m, waters with higher salinities are not advisable to use in corn irrigation unless a proper soil water and plant management technique is established. 2-) Experimental results showed that also alternation technique has its modes, according to the results, it was clear that with the salinity level exceeding 6 dS/m more frequent alternation seemed to be more efficient, whereas with lower salinities less frequency was favourable. 3-) The data regarding leaching treatments showed that leaching once at any growing stage was not enough, and should be performed at both stages for both a better crop yield and relatively salt-free root zone. It is suggested that leaching must be practiced in accordance to the tolerance degree of plant growing stage with a proper leaching fraction. 4-) From the agronomic point of view, the tasselling stage seemed to be the most sensitive to salinity. At this stage, increasing availability of water for plant, reducting the salt strees either by changing irrigation water83 from saline water to fresh one or by leaching the accumulated salts from the root zone, led to a better crop yield under all studied treatments as compared with permanent saline irrigation treatment. 5-) Under alternation treatments, data showed that water used by the growing plant was not only a function of salt concentration level of irrigation water, but also of the proportion of fresh water substituting for low quality one. 6-) Concerning the salt accumulation and its distribution through the different soil depths under different alternation applications of water of different qualities, the data indicated that, the salt accumulation was a function of both salt concentration level in irrigation water and the proportion of good quality water, whereas its distribution was greatly dependent on application modes by which the water resources were alternated. 7-) Soil analysis data clearly, showed that the alternation technique was a potential not only for producing relatively good crop yield, but also for keeping soil at a good productivity level. In the light of the results of the experiment, among all the alternation treatments one to be recommended as far as grain yield is concerned, is the treatment where saline water was used from seedling esablisment to the apperence of tassells. In this treatment about 35% fresh water of total applied volume is saved out. This saving is relatively lower than the others, but considerable improvement in crop yield is achieved even with respect to the control of fresh water.
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