Sosyo-ekonomik açıdan Ortadoğu bölgesinde gıda güvenliği
Başlık çevirisi mevcut değil.
- Tez No: 12038
- Danışmanlar: PROF.DR. ENİS ÖKSÜZ
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Ekonomi, Economics
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Gıda güvenliği, Orta Doğu ülkeleri, Food safety, Middle eastern countries
- Yıl: 1991
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: İstanbul Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
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Özet (Çeviri)
SUMMâ'RY Food is the basic requirement of life. Capability of being self sufficient with respect to food production is desired by all nations. Countries spend great efforts to provide food requirements of their people from their own resources.lt is agreed by all that insufficiency in food production creates many problems and dependency to foreign resources to insufficiency is a sorce of unstability. The Middle east has been the cardie of various ethnic groups and cultures since the early days of the history until! today and maintains its particularities and importance also today, as it has been, due to its possession of a great percentage of the worlds oil reserves. Like in all developing countries in the world, food sewrity is a major concern in the Middle East countries. Provision of food required for a sufficient and regular nutrition of the people in the Middle East countries stands a a major problem. Rapid increase of population, insufficient utilization of natural resources, fail in achieving a proper distrubution of food in hand and the fact that oil producing countries spend a major part of their incomes from oil sales for providing food imports adds more to updating of this problem and brings it in a position that should be considered with utmost importance. Middle east countries are major commercial food buyers in the world. These countries spend approximately 30 billion Dollars each year for imported food. In 1980, food imports accounted for 17% of total imports. Again in the same year these countries spent 24% of their total income from exports for imported food Countries like Egypt, Sudan and Jordan spend for food imports more than they earn from exportation. While there is a great increase in years in total demand to food, i t is not possible to mention of a satisfactory increase even in years yielding a good crop as regards total production despite considerable fluctuations depending on climatic conditions. Altough the ratio of self sufficiency in food in the Middle East countries was approximately 87.2% between 1961-1970, this ratio decreased to 69.7% between 1983-1985. Despite all these negative factors, we observed that large scale investment and projects are implemented in the field of agriculture in recent years particularly in oil exporting countries and in other countries where emphasis is given to agricultural sector. For example, the sucsess achived by Saudi Arabia in whaet production should not overlooked. With the completion of previosly and with the established of joint investments and cooperatin between countries in agricultural sector, it is undoubtful that the vital matter of food sewrity in the Middle East territory will loose its current status to certain exent since Middle East countries have a great potential of food production which they shall be capable of improving with technological development, modern scientific research and mutual cooperation. These countries have the natural »financial and human resources required for agricultural performance. In addition, they have the climate suitable for growing all kinds of products. This study defines the aspect of food sewrity and the importance of global food sewrity for the part of the Middle East countries, in addition to general analysis on current status and a description of the ways and remedies to avoid the current insufficiency with respect to food production.
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