İzmir ve Manisa illeri kiraz ağaçlarında zararlı archips türleri (Lepidoptera tortricidae)'ne karşı biyolojik savaşta Trichogramma cacoeciae marchal (Hym.:trichogrammatidae)'den yararlanma olanakları üzerinde araştır...
Investigations on the effectivines of trichogramma cacoeciae marchal (Hym.:trichogrammatidae) for biological control against archips spp. (Lep.:tortricidae) which are harmful on cherry trees in İzmir and Manisa province
- Tez No: 10369
- Danışmanlar: PROF. DR. CEZMİ ÖNCÜER
- Tez Türü: Doktora
- Konular: Ziraat, Agriculture
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Archips, Bitki koruma, Biyolojik mücadele, Kiraz, Trichogramma cacoeciae, Archips, Plant protection, Biological control, Cherry, Trichogramma cacoeciae
- Yıl: 1990
- Dil: Türkçe
- Üniversite: Ege Üniversitesi
- Enstitü: Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
- Ana Bilim Dalı: Entomoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
- Bilim Dalı: Belirtilmemiş.
- Sayfa Sayısı: Belirtilmemiş.
Özet
-SB- SUMMARY INVESTIGATIONS DN THE EFFECTIVINES OF Trichagramma cacaeciae Marchal (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGAINST Archips spp. (Lep.: Tartricidae) WHICH ARE HARMFUL ON CHERRY TREES IN IZMIR AND MANİSA PROVINCES « This study was carried out in Izmir and Manisa between 1986- 1989. It was determined only Trichogramma cacaeciae Marchal (Hym.: Trichogrammatidas) in eggs Df the leaf rollers (Archips rosanus L., _A. xylosteana L.) (Lep.: Tartricidae). The eggs of leaf rollers and J_. cacoeciae were determined in Ödemiş, Tire, Kiraz (Izmir). It was effected 0.04 and 2.46 % in Kemalpaşa (Merkez, Savandağ, Ören villages) except Sütçüler, Kuyucak, Yenmiş end? Bağyurdu villages, 0,25- 11.34 % in Manisa (Sultanyayla, Sancaklı-İğdecik village, Salihli and Gördes counties) except Demirci and Turgutlu counties and it prefered the leaf rollers eggs which were on stems than branches of cherry trees. It was revealed that T. cacaeciae reproduce by thelytokie; the adults of Kemalpaşa race with short wings that emerge in winter (January -March) was formed as 100 % female, Sultanyayla race was formed as 98.33 % female and 1.66 % male; the adults af Kemalpaşa race with normal wings that emerge in summer was formed as 98.63 % female and 1.36 % male, Sultanyayla race was formed as 97.7 % female and 2.2 % male; 1 (mastlv) ar 2 (occasionaly) parasitoid developed in an egg of the leaf railer. Moreover, it was found that _J_. cacaeciae completed 3 generations in fchs eggs of leaf rollers in two provinces both and its life was almost synchronized with their hosts. The parasitoid was overwintered as prepupal stage in the eggs af leaf rollers and adults emerged in January-March acording to environmental and ecological conditions. These adults had short winqs and almost black coloured. They parasited the other eggs in the sane batches and they were diapaused in prepupal stage. Then, the adults which had normal wings and yellow brown in colour emerged in May-June. The-69- rd adults af 3 generation appear accasionaly in August-October. Gn the other hands it was determined that under the conditions of 25 - 1°C, 1200-1500 lux, 1S h light and 18 ± 1DC, S h dark with 60-70 % RH; in eggs of Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella Zell.) (Lep.: Pyralidae), a female parasitoid survived averagely ^.1^ - 0.213 (2-5) days, she has deposited averagely 30.8 - 1.351 (12-43) eggs during her life, after she has reached adult stage all of the eggs were deposited in the first two days; the period of preadult was completed in 22 days; meanly 93.65 % adult appear from parasitized eggs and 6.34 % of them was naturaly dead; a parasitoid was able to develope mostly in an egg of Mediterranean flour moth. They were mass-reared on the eggs of Mediterranean flour moths under the controlled conditions. Superparasitizm could had provided by releasing sufficient parasitaids and the eggs into the rearing- tubes. The effect of host-population was investigated in tubes on the parasitoids fecundity. It was found that it uias not effective on host-population sufficiently and most favorable parasites: host populations ratio was 1:40 in this study. In addition, under the controlled conditions, it was investigated the effects of _T. cacoeciae on the eggs of _A. rosanus by doing two releases (15 and 35 days after the first moth emergence). Preliminary field tests in cherry orchards indicate that small amount releases of from 10 to 80 parasited eggs per cages were not effective.
Özet (Çeviri)
-SB- SUMMARY INVESTIGATIONS DN THE EFFECTIVINES OF Trichagramma cacaeciae Marchal (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGAINST Archips spp. (Lep.: Tartricidae) WHICH ARE HARMFUL ON CHERRY TREES IN IZMIR AND MANİSA PROVINCES « This study was carried out in Izmir and Manisa between 1986- 1989. It was determined only Trichogramma cacaeciae Marchal (Hym.: Trichogrammatidas) in eggs Df the leaf rollers (Archips rosanus L., _A. xylosteana L.) (Lep.: Tartricidae). The eggs of leaf rollers and J_. cacoeciae were determined in Ödemiş, Tire, Kiraz (Izmir). It was effected 0.04 and 2.46 % in Kemalpaşa (Merkez, Savandağ, Ören villages) except Sütçüler, Kuyucak, Yenmiş end? Bağyurdu villages, 0,25- 11.34 % in Manisa (Sultanyayla, Sancaklı-İğdecik village, Salihli and Gördes counties) except Demirci and Turgutlu counties and it prefered the leaf rollers eggs which were on stems than branches of cherry trees. It was revealed that T. cacaeciae reproduce by thelytokie; the adults of Kemalpaşa race with short wings that emerge in winter (January -March) was formed as 100 % female, Sultanyayla race was formed as 98.33 % female and 1.66 % male; the adults af Kemalpaşa race with normal wings that emerge in summer was formed as 98.63 % female and 1.36 % male, Sultanyayla race was formed as 97.7 % female and 2.2 % male; 1 (mastlv) ar 2 (occasionaly) parasitoid developed in an egg of the leaf railer. Moreover, it was found that _J_. cacaeciae completed 3 generations in fchs eggs of leaf rollers in two provinces both and its life was almost synchronized with their hosts. The parasitoid was overwintered as prepupal stage in the eggs af leaf rollers and adults emerged in January-March acording to environmental and ecological conditions. These adults had short winqs and almost black coloured. They parasited the other eggs in the sane batches and they were diapaused in prepupal stage. Then, the adults which had normal wings and yellow brown in colour emerged in May-June. The-69- rd adults af 3 generation appear accasionaly in August-October. Gn the other hands it was determined that under the conditions of 25 - 1°C, 1200-1500 lux, 1S h light and 18 ± 1DC, S h dark with 60-70 % RH; in eggs of Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella Zell.) (Lep.: Pyralidae), a female parasitoid survived averagely ^.1^ - 0.213 (2-5) days, she has deposited averagely 30.8 - 1.351 (12-43) eggs during her life, after she has reached adult stage all of the eggs were deposited in the first two days; the period of preadult was completed in 22 days; meanly 93.65 % adult appear from parasitized eggs and 6.34 % of them was naturaly dead; a parasitoid was able to develope mostly in an egg of Mediterranean flour moth. They were mass-reared on the eggs of Mediterranean flour moths under the controlled conditions. Superparasitizm could had provided by releasing sufficient parasitaids and the eggs into the rearing- tubes. The effect of host-population was investigated in tubes on the parasitoids fecundity. It was found that it uias not effective on host-population sufficiently and most favorable parasites: host populations ratio was 1:40 in this study. In addition, under the controlled conditions, it was investigated the effects of _T. cacoeciae on the eggs of _A. rosanus by doing two releases (15 and 35 days after the first moth emergence). Preliminary field tests in cherry orchards indicate that small amount releases of from 10 to 80 parasited eggs per cages were not effective.
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